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CHANGES IN THE AMERICAN FAMILY STRUCTURE.
Term Paper ID:30883
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Essay Subject:
Discusses increase in number of non-traditional families including lesbian-headed households.... More...
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5 Pages / 1125 Words
1 sources, 2 Citations,
APA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Discusses increase in number of non-traditional families including lesbian-headed households. Social and political questions about the nature of the family. The issue of whether children born in non-traditional families are likely to be at-risk and not develop as normally as their peers in traditional families. Describes a research study on the subject; methodology, results.
Paper Introduction:
Child Development
Chan, R.W., Raboy, B. And Patterson, C.J. (1998). Psychosocial adjustment among children conceived via donor insemination by lesbian and heterosexual mothers. Child Development, 69(2), 443-457.
Introduction
During the past few decades, there has been an increase in types of American family structure and an increase in the overall number of non-traditional families. Along with that change in family structure, there has come criticism asserting that nontraditional families are not as healthy for children and that children in nontrad
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WORKING MOTHERS.
Term Paper ID:30781
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Essay Subject:
An essay on the struggles of women who work at night.... More...
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3 Pages / 675 Words
2 sources, 2 Citations,
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Paper Abstract:
An essay on the struggles of women who work at night. Choosing night work so they can care for their families during the daytime. Myth of the nuclear family, and ideal role of women in the home. Economic issues. Personal problem of focusing on others while ignoring their own needs and desires.
Paper Introduction:
Anita Ilta Garey, in Wharton, writes of the economic, physical, psychological, social and familial struggles of women who work at night and raise families in the daytime. These women work because their families need the money, and they work at night because it allows them to fulfill the responsibilities of being mothers and wives during the day. The most interesting parts of Garey's essay to me have to do with the ideals which women are pursuing as they work at night and raise a family by day, and the role that the 2000 census, as a current event still playing a role in defining America, plays in this set of circumstances. Basically, Garey says that the women are pursuing the ideal of the traditional nuclear family, which portrays the woman/mother/wife as a stay-at-home stabilizer on the domestic front while the husband/father goes to work in the daytime. The
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CONFLICT MANAGEMENT AND DIVORCE.
Term Paper ID:30694
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Essay Subject:
Discusses the role of communication.... More...
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12 Pages / 2700 Words
19 sources, 38 Citations,
APA Format
$96.00
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Paper Abstract:
Discusses the role of communication. How the use of interpersonal communication skills can be used to deal with conflict involved in divorce. The social process of interpersonal communication. The role trust plays. Behavioral system balance. Conflict avoidance. The sociology and psychology of emotions. Various therapeutic theories and approaches. Need for open communication.
Paper Introduction:
ROLE OF COMMUNICATION IN CONFLICT MANAGEMENT RELATED TO DIVORCE
Introduction
This research reviews and analyzes the role of communication in conflict management strategies applied in couples situations involving divorce. The presentation of the findings of the review discuss (1) interpersonal communication, (2) behavioral system balance, (3) conflict avoidance, and (4) communication in couples situations involving divorce or the potential of divorce.
Interpersonal Communication
Dealing effectively with situations involving interpersonal conflict requires the development and use of interpersonal communication skills. Interpersonal communication is defined as the process linking discontinuous living entities with one
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MOTHERHOOD.
Term Paper ID:30546
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Essay Subject:
Discusses social and cultural aspects.... More...
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5 Pages / 1125 Words
5 sources, 15 Citations,
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Paper Abstract:
Discusses social and cultural aspects. Evolving notion of motherhood. Influence of external institutions such as the Church, the State and the medical institutions. Changing attitudes toward mothers and "mothercraft" related to societal perceptions about women. Idea of the connection of childrearing to the public domain. Oppression of women.
Paper Introduction:
Although motherhood revolves around women’s capacity to reproduce, its inherent concept is primarily defined by the prevalent social and cultural practices of its times. In modern history, the evolving notion of motherhood has enabled external institutions such as the Church, the State and the medical institutions to dictate how women should behave and more specifically how they should raise their children (Ross 4-5). From the development of the concept of the “republican motherhood” to the infant welfare and eugenics movements of early 20th century, women have had to endure the intrusive participation of outside agents in their domestic arenas and the violation of the privacy of their bodies. This paper thus traces how the changing concept of motherhood has shaped the lives of women in the modern era.
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EFFECT OF WORKING MOTHERS ON CHILD BEHAVIOR.
Term Paper ID:30427
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Essay Subject:
Discusses both sides of the issue.... More...
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6 Pages / 1350 Words
17 sources, 15 Citations,
APA Format
$48.00
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Paper Abstract:
Discusses both sides of the issue. Cites many studies on the topic. Conservative elements of American society that maintains women should stay home and take care of their kids. Growth of females in the work force. Economic factors. Importance of quality daycare. Problem of lack of daycare funding by the government.
Paper Introduction:
EFFECTS ON CHILD BEHAVIOR OF MOTHERS WORKING OUTSIDE THE HOME: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Introduction: Topic Identification
Recently, television and print media in the United States reported research by Mary Eberstadt (2001) indicating that the children of mothers who worked outside the home displayed behavioral problems far more frequently than the children of mother who stayed at home. Eberstadt (2001) concluded that the causal source of the problem was a combination of day care and an absence of maternal contact and supervision.
The issue reported by Eberstadt (2001) is important, and, while her findings may be valid, the failure of the media to fully identify her background and that of the journal that published her work indicates a need to explore the issue f
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PARENTAL USE OF CORPORAL PUNISHMENT.
Term Paper ID:30339
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Essay Subject:
Examines effects of income and education levels on parental views and use of corporal punishment.... More...
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5 Pages / 1125 Words
9 sources, 11 Citations,
APA Format
$40.00
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Paper Abstract:
Examines effects of income and education levels on parental views and use of corporal punishment. Hypothesizes that low-income, less educated parents use physical force more than verbal assertion. Discusses many studies on the topic that reveal corporal punishment to be prevelent despite negative consequences and decreased attitudes toward its practice.
Paper Introduction:
EFFECTS OF INCOME AND EDUCATION LEVELS ON PARENTAL CORPORAL PUNISHMENT
Abstract
The purpose of this research paper is to investigate effects of income and education levels on parental views and uses of corporal punishment. A review of the literature will be used to address the following hypothesis: lower income and educational levels will be positively associated with higher tendencies to believe in and practice, spanking. The population investigated will include both parents but will focus on mothers. It is expected that the research will support the hypothesis.
Introduction
The following review of the literature will present fin
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VIEWS OF WOMEN REGARDING MARRIAGE.
Term Paper ID:30318
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Essay Subject:
Discusses decline of marriage as number one priority of women today.... More...
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15 Pages / 3375 Words
18 sources, 25 Citations,
APA Format
$120.00
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Paper Abstract:
Discusses decline of marriage as number one priority of women today. Proposes a research study to examine reasons and issues. Significance of changing societal views of marriage; high divorce rate. Evaluation of women's views. Psychological perspective. Social perspetives. Issue of financial security. Methodology.
Paper Introduction:
WOMEN'S VIEWS ON MARRIAGE AS A PRIORITY
I. INTRODUCTION
The role of women in the United States has undergone a major transformation over the past four decades brought about by changes in their economic and social status. Women are less likely to marry than ever before, according to the findings of Rutgers University National Marriage Project (1999). Findings of the Census Bureau concur; according to the Census Bureau, Americans are postponing marriage. The decline of marriage as the number one priority of women may be due in large part to the greater amount of alternatives today's women have. Studies show that women are placing increased value on autonomy and focusing on ways to reach this goal (Berend, 2000, p. 935). Alternatively, studies have shown that this attitude may also be
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THE TRAUMA EXPERIENCE OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE.
Term Paper ID:30182
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Essay Subject:
Contends the trauma suffered by victims is harmful to the victim, families and society.... More...
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6 Pages / 1350 Words
6 sources, 16 Citations,
APA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Contends the trauma suffered by victims is harmful to the victim, families and society. Definitions of domestic violence. Pattern of battering. Battered wife syndrome. Estimates of number of domestic assaults. Cycle of violence (physical, sexual, emotional, verbal, psychological attacks & economic coercion. Types of ongoing trauma (severe injuries, pain, depression).
Paper Introduction:
TRAUMA EXPERIENCE IN DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
Introduction
Domestic violence is a widespread phenomenon in the United States. Although domestic violence assumes several forms, most victims of domestic violence experience physical trauma and secondary outcomes stemming from the trauma experience (Feldhaus, 2001). This paper reviews the trauma experience in domestic violence.
Defining Domestic Violence
There are several definitions of domestic violence. One definition is that domestic violence includes all violence occurring within a home. The Family Violence Prevention Fund defines domestic violence as a pattern of assaultive and coercive behaviors — including physical, sexual, and psychological
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SINGLE-PARENT HOUSEHOLDS.
Term Paper ID:29952
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Essay Subject:
Examines societal attitudes toward single-parent families, most negative.... More...
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7 Pages / 1575 Words
5 sources, 19 Citations,
APA Format
$56.00
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Paper Abstract:
Examines societal attitudes toward single-parent families, most negative. American ideal of the perfect family. Realities of contemporary society and families. Growing number of single-parent households. Discusses two major areas of concern for single parents (usually mothers): providing emotional support for the family and providing financial security. Problem of a single wage household in terms of adequate income. Some solutions.
Paper Introduction:
The more things change, the more people wish that they would stay the same. Or at least that seems to be the case when it comes to Americans’ ideas about what constitutes a “real” family. This paper examines the ways in which society assumes that a single-parent family is somehow not a real family and how this fact makes the other stresses faced by single parents even more difficult. It also looks at two of the most difficult areas for single parents – providing emotional support for their families and providing financial security for their families.
Despite the fact that the majority of American children born today are likely to find themselves in a single-parent household at some point (Wagonseller etal, 1997, p. 14), the ideal of a perfect family in most people’s minds is still made up of a mother, a father and two or three children. The stereotype of this
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WORKING PARENTS.
Term Paper ID:29386
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Essay Subject:
Increase in families in which both parents work outside the home.... More...
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3 Pages / 675 Words
2 sources, 8 Citations,
APA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Increase in families in which both parents work outside the home. Problem of developing strategies for coping with conflicting demands of work, parenting and a romantic relationship. Rearing of infants and children. Use of a professional nanny for childcare. Use of day-care services and relatives by less affluent families.
Paper Introduction:
In today’s social and economic climate, a dramatic increase in the number of families in which both parents and partners work outside of the home has been observed (Baron & Byrne, 2000). A major task for both partners is developing appropriate strategies for coping with the often conflicting demands of work, parenting, and a romantic relationship. Generally, even when women in such a situation have an active and demanding career, they remain responsible for a majority of the responsibilities centered on homemaking and childcare (Baron & Byrne, 2000; Cheever, 1997). Strategies that can facilitate a response to these demands include hiring full-time childcare assistance (a “nanny”) and/or cleaning services/maids, placing infants and pre-school children in day-care centers, or getting assistance in childcare from family members. This brief essay will
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BATTERED WOMEN.
Term Paper ID:29268
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Essay Subject:
Describes domestic violence.... More...
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6 Pages / 1350 Words
8 sources, 5 Citations,
MLA Format
$48.00
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Paper Abstract:
Describes domestic violence. Coercive behaviors such as actual or threatened physical injury, sexual assault, psychological abuse, economic control and social isolation. Statistics. Establishment of control and fear in a relationship. Options available for battered women; shelters, coalitions and other organizations, volunteer attorneys. Battered women imprisoned for killing or assaulting their batterers.
Paper Introduction:
Background
One definition (“Domestic Violence Facts Sheet”) of “battering” describes this behavior as the “…establishment of control and fear in a relationship through violence and other forms of abuse. The batterer uses acts of violence and a series of behaviors including intimidation, threats, psychological abuse, isolation, etc. to coerce and to control the other person….” While the violence defined above may not happen often, it nevertheless will always remain below the surface in the relationship. As such, real mediation of the conflict and tensions will be virtually impossible to overcome, let alone bring to peaceful resolution.
This type of violence can include, but not be strictly limited to, a number of other “coercive” behaviors such as actual
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CHILD REARING PRACTICES.
Term Paper ID:29101
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Essay Subject:
Discusses trends from 1600 to the 1970s.... More...
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12 Pages / 2700 Words
20 sources, 32 Citations,
APA Format
$96.00
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Paper Abstract:
Discusses trends from 1600 to the 1970s. Harsh treatment of children during Renaissance and Puritan periods. Philosophical perspectives: Hobbs. Locke. Rousseau. Freud. Erik Erikson. Parental authoritarianism vs. permissiveness. Behaviorist view of John Watson. Nurturing perspective of Dr. Benjamin Spock, and value of spontaneity. Anthropologist Margaret Mead and theory of imprinting. Diana Baumrind's study of parenting styles.
Paper Introduction:
The history of child-rearing practices was characterized by radical vacillations between a positive and nurturing concept and a negative and suppressive perspective of children. Its evolution was inextricably interwoven with the society’s cultural concept of childhood. For example, according to Aries (1962), children were initially considered to be miniature versions of adults in medieval society; thus, they were initiated into the world of adult functions once they turned six. However, in the later eras, children were regarded as beings that were distinguished from adults. While the end of the Renaissance began with the brutal oppression of children, the 1970s celebrated and cultivated the natural child. This paper documents the changes in perspectives and practices of child rearing from 1600 to 1970s.
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DOMESTIC VIOLENCE.
Term Paper ID:28947
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Essay Subject:
Discusses recent research & studies on subject incl. What triggers domestic violence. Methodology & findings to determine whether immigrant women suffer higher rates of domestic violence.... More...
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18 Pages / 4050 Words
16 sources, 29 Citations,
APA Format
$136.00
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Paper Abstract:
Discusses recent research & studies on subject incl. What triggers domestic violence. Methodology & findings to determine whether immigrant women suffer higher rates of domestic violence.
Paper Introduction:
Introduction
The issue of domestic violence – always of concern to the victims, some researchers, and some social and women's shelter workers – became an issue of national concern during the O.J. Simpson trial. Just as the Clarence Thomas hearings raised the issue of sexual harassment in places where before it had been ignored, the pictures of a battered and bruised Nicole Brown - pictures that she had made so that if Simpson ever killed her his past violence to her would be known -- gave an unforgettable face to the problem of domestic violence. That case also highlighted some of the complex problems that scholars studying the issue of domestic violence and social workers trying to end the beatings face in their work.
This paper examines the recent research done on the subject of domestic violence in gener
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DOMESTIC VIOLENCE.
Term Paper ID:28408
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Essay Subject:
Discussion of issues: identification & counseling of those at risk, incl. Secondary victims (children). Punishment of batterers. Education of healthcare professionals. Public education programs.... More...
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9 Pages / 2025 Words
20 sources, 20 Citations,
MLA Format
$72.00
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Paper Abstract:
Discussion of issues: identification & counseling of those at risk, incl. Secondary victims (children). Punishment of batterers. Education of healthcare professionals. Public education programs.
Paper Introduction:
Domestic violence, now often referred to as intimate partner violence, is almost epidemic in America. The latest National Crime Victimization Survey identified more than 960,000 incidents of violence against a current or former spouse, boyfriend, or girlfriend occur every year in America alone (Willson et al, 2000). About 85 percent of victims are women. Although women are less likely overall to be a victim of violent crime, they are 8 times more likely than men to suffer violence at the hands of an intimate partner.
A population-based telephone survey in South Carolina in 1998 showed that 25 percent of women and 13 percent of men had experienced some form of intimate partner violence during their lifetime (U.S. Center for Disease Control, 2000). Although women were significantly more likely to experience physical and/o
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ADOPTION.
Term Paper ID:28336
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Essay Subject:
Psychological effects on adopted children; reasons for adoption, issues incl. "telling."... More...
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8 Pages / 1800 Words
2 sources, 46 Citations,
APA Format
$64.00
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Paper Abstract:
Psychological effects on adopted children; reasons for adoption, issues incl. "telling."
Paper Introduction:
Psychological Effects of Adoption
Jerome Smith is one of the country's foremost experts in adoption practice. He is the author of best-selling books on adoption practice and policy and he played a significant role in evaluating the parent-child bond in the famous Baby Jessica case. He is also an adoptive parent. Smith argues that most adoptive parents share the same concerns for the psychological development of their children as do biological parents. However, he states that adoptive parents have additional concerns related to the fact of adoption (Smith, 1997, p. 69).
Smith argues that the psychological effects of adoption on children will, in most cases, be a direct result of the parents' own psychological preparation for and adjustment to the adoption. He maintains that it is difficult to evaluate a child's adjustment to life
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GRANDPARENTS & GRANDCHILD REARING.
Term Paper ID:28295
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Essay Subject:
Reasons, problems, suggested solutions. Research study of Hispanic grandparents, data analysis, 1 Table.... More...
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12 Pages / 2700 Words
9 sources, 26 Citations,
APA Format
$96.00
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Paper Abstract:
Reasons, problems, suggested solutions. Research study of Hispanic grandparents, data analysis, 1 Table.
Paper Introduction:
Statement of the Problem
As America's population ages, any number of important issues are emerging that require the development of new insights, assistance strategies, and effective interventions. For example, Markides and Mindel (1987) have noted that older Americans, regardless of ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic status, encounter physical, emotional, social, financial, and familial problems that are often difficult to resolve or address. Angel and Angel (1997) also comment that one of the most difficult issues faced by older Americans is related to the question of who will provide them with care or support; simultaneously, many grandparents find themselves faced with the necessity of providing care or assuming custodial responsibility for grandchildren.
Recently, a growing number of grandparents have assumed
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FAMILY VIOLENCE.
Term Paper ID:28071
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Essay Subject:
Domestic abuse in U.S. Physical & psychological effects. Battered women's syndrome. Children of abuse.... More...
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6 Pages / 1350 Words
5 sources, 22 Citations,
MLA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Domestic abuse in U.S. Physical & psychological effects. Battered women's syndrome. Children of abuse.
Paper Introduction:
FAMILY VIOLENCE: WOUNDS WITHOUT, WOUNDS WITHIN
Family violence presents an ongoing dilemma in American society. No longer a “private” issue, abuse in the home has attracted a degree of public concern in recent years, precipitating a need for a more intense examination of the problem. The aim, according to U.S. Senator Paul Wellstone(D-Minn), is simple: to make domestic violence a bona fide health-care issue(p. 20). And there is certainly compelling evidence to support this objective; the effects of family violence are numerous, bordering on infinite in scope. Virtually every form of physical assault- from spankings to murders- has played a significant role in the history of family violence. Beneath the surface, the mental strains that develop in both victims and witnesses of domestic violence also present a lasting legacy to consider.
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The Effect of Divorce on the Youngest Child
Term Paper ID:27802
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Essay Subject:
Examines the effects of divorce on the youngest child as both initiator & recipient in contacts with parents & siblings. Focus is on issues of academic performance, peer relations, sibling interactions, & methods of coping. Some case studies are given.... More...
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10 Pages / 2250 Words
12 sources, 18 Citations,
TURABIAN Format
$80.00
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Paper Abstract:
Examines the effects of divorce on the youngest child as both initiator & recipient in contacts with parents & siblings. Focus is on issues of academic performance, peer relations, sibling interactions, & methods of coping. Some case studies are given.
Paper Introduction:
THE EFFECT OF DIVORCE ON THE YOUNGEST CHILD
INTRODUCTION
This is an examination of the effects of divorce on the youngest child as both a recipient and initiator in contacts with parents and siblings. The study concentrates on issues concerning academic performance, peer group relations, familiar interactions, sibling interactions, and methods of coping.
In general it is shown that the youngest sibling, often by playing the role of naive innocent, allows the family to express thoughts and conflicts that are otherwise suppressed. In this way, the child serves as a catalyst to open up the discussion in a less threatening manner. The youngest child thus becomes a familial anchor of sorts -- a role that is especially important in the init
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The Adoption Market
Term Paper ID:27370
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Essay Subject:
Discusses the ramifications of deregulation the adoption market. Some pundits are endorsing the outright sale of children or, as they euphemize, the sale of parental rights.... More...
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4 Pages / 900 Words
4 sources, 10 Citations,
APA Format
$32.00
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Paper Abstract:
Discusses the ramifications of deregulation the adoption market. Some pundits are endorsing the outright sale of children or, as they euphemize, the sale of parental rights.
Paper Introduction:
Adoption and Baby Selling
The adoption market has been examined from a number of perspectives with an eye to reform and improvement and to provide a more socially beneficial structure to the placement of children. One issue that has been much discussed is baby-selling, which might also be designated as the "sale of parental rights," as Boudreaux (1995) prefers to call it. Richard Posner is one legal and economic theorist who has called for a change in the adoption rules to liberalize the process and make the process more in keeping with the demands of the marketplace, and others have taken up the same argument and called for a major shift in thinking regarding the way the adoption market is handled.
Posner (1992) examines the legal protection of children and the proper role of the state in relation to children. He begins
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The Baby Market & Adoption: An Exploration of the Issues
Term Paper ID:27369
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Essay Subject:
Explores the issue of the developing baby market for adoptive parents. Examines the history of paying for children, including surrogacy, some of the legal issues involved, & the ramification either a fee for services or a price for the child itself.... More...
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30 Pages / 6750 Words
21 sources, 36 Citations,
TURABIAN Format
$136.00
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Paper Abstract:
Explores the issue of the developing baby market for adoptive parents. Examines the history of paying for children, including surrogacy, some of the legal issues involved, & the ramification either a fee for services or a price for the child itself.
Paper Introduction:
The Baby Market and Adoption: An Exploration of the Issues
Introduction
The last half of the 20th century has seen a radical change in the way in which human beings in the United States manage their fertility. While most people throughout human history, and even today, have been at the mercy of the fates in regard to fertility, that is no longer the case.
Fertility management extends in two different directions. For those who do not wish to have children, birth control and abortion technologies are now extremely effective and relatively safe. On the other hand, for those who are infertile for some reason, but wish to have children, reproductive technologies are more advanced. For those who cannot successfully have their own children, there is
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DELAYED CHILDBIRTH.
Term Paper ID:27052
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Essay Subject:
Examines reasons for, advantages & disadvantages of, pregnancy outcomes & nursing interventions related to woman's decision to have children until she is 35 years or older.... More...
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9 Pages / 2025 Words
13 sources, 22 Citations,
APA Format
$72.00
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Paper Abstract:
Examines reasons for, advantages & disadvantages of, pregnancy outcomes & nursing interventions related to woman's decision to have children until she is 35 years or older.
Paper Introduction:
DELAYED CHILDBIRTH
Introduction
According to O'Reilly-Green and Cohen (1993), delayed childbirth is a changing trend in parenting consisting of the decision to put off pregnancy until one is 35 years of age or older. This report examines the phenomena of delayed childbirth. The topics discussed in the paper include: factors influencing delayed childbirth; the advantages of delayed childbearing; the disadvantages of delayed childbearing; various pregnancy outcomes associated with delayed childbirth; and nursing interventions designed to assist mature women in increasing their chances of having healthy pregnancies and healthy babies.
Factors Influencing Delayed Childbirth
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BREASTFEEDING & CHILD DEVELOPMENT.
Term Paper ID:27038
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Essay Subject:
Examines positive biological, psychological, cognitive & other benefits.... More...
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11 Pages / 2475 Words
8 sources, 33 Citations,
APA Format
$88.00
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Paper Abstract:
Examines positive biological, psychological, cognitive & other benefits.
Paper Introduction:
PART I: INTRODUCTION
As more women enter the workforce, the question of whether or not to breast feed becomes a decision of great importance. This paper will examine studies dealing with the effect of breast feeding on infant nutrition and development, as compared to the effect of bottle feeding. Breast feeding has gone in and out of style throughout the years, but as research continues, its use has been proven to be overall physically and cognitively beneficial, and its positive effect on health cannot be ignored.
Breast feeding begins in a hospital setting. Up until 75 years ago all infants had to be breast fed. Rosenblith (1992) points out that breast feeding "requires frequent interactions; a baby nursed on demand will nurse every two to three hours. . . among upper classes in
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POVERTY & EDUCATION.
Term Paper ID:26982
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Essay Subject:
Examines effects of lower-income single-parent mothers on their children's educational achievements, focusing on Aid to Families with Dependent Children.... More...
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7 Pages / 1575 Words
9 sources, 39 Citations,
APA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Examines effects of lower-income single-parent mothers on their children's educational achievements, focusing on Aid to Families with Dependent Children.
Paper Introduction:
The topic of this presentation is the effects of lower-income single-parent mothers on their children’s educational achievements, with the focus on AFDC families.
Before discussing the effects of the single-parent family structure on the children, it is important to have a general profile of an AFDC family. Therefore, the class will have a clear picture of the impact of the family on its children’s educational achievements.
AFDC, which stands for Aid to Families with Dependent Children, is a subsidy that is almost entirely devoted to single mothers. In 1983 (the latest official statistics available), single mothers constituted 75 percent of all AFDC mothers. In this group of single mothers, 45 percent are divorced or separated, while 30 percent had babies out of wedlock (Popenoe,
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INFANT-FATHER ATTACHMENT.
Term Paper ID:26976
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Essay Subject:
Examines impact of attachment on child's development. Changing father's roles, compared to mother-child attachment, research problems, marital stress, work outside home, more.... More...
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14 Pages / 3150 Words
4 sources, 41 Citations,
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Paper Abstract:
Examines impact of attachment on child's development. Changing father's roles, compared to mother-child attachment, research problems, marital stress, work outside home, more.
Paper Introduction:
The subject of this paper is infant-father attachment and the impact on the development on the infant. Most research has illustrated the importance of infant-mother relationship, without an equal consideration of the role of the father in infant-father relationships. However, with the changing family structure and social beliefs, more fathers are spending time with their infants. In addition, expectant fathers want to be a part of the birthing experience. In a 1981 survey, 95 percent of men looked forward to being in the delivery room (Rosenblith, 1992, p. 484). The surge of interest by fathers gave rise to many studies that sought to establish the impact of early father-infant bonding on their relationship later on. Therefore, discovering the impact of a father’s interaction with the infant can be significant in promoting the overall well
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PARENT-INFANT COMUNICATION.
Term Paper ID:26875
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Essay Subject:
Analyzes research on infant brain development & the effects of parental communication & care before & after birth. Attachment & bonding, memory formation, communication skills, crying, stages of development, more.... More...
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27 Pages / 6075 Words
18 sources, 42 Citations,
MLA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Analyzes research on infant brain development & the effects of parental communication & care before & after birth. Attachment & bonding, memory formation, communication skills, crying, stages of development, more.
Paper Introduction:
Communication Between Mother and Child
Introduction:
During the past few decades, there has been a revolution in brain research and in the understanding of human cognitive development. Research has shown ever-increasing impact from the environment on brain development, beginning immediately after conception and continuing during the child's early development. The brain is susceptible to many different kinds of influences, including structural, chemical, and hormonal influences (Healy, 1994). Starting with birth, the brain undergoes even further development, creating billions of synapses that promote thought, emotion, and physical activity. The capacity of those
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DAY CARE.
Term Paper ID:26869
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Essay Subject:
Examines legal, social, economic & corporate aspects of day care, focusing on shortcomings of system & analyzing proposed policy for affordable care in New York City.... More...
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13 Pages / 2925 Words
10 sources, 43 Citations,
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$104.00
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Paper Abstract:
Examines legal, social, economic & corporate aspects of day care, focusing on shortcomings of system & analyzing proposed policy for affordable care in New York City.
Paper Introduction:
Part A
The lack of affordable and high-quality day care has been acknowledged as a social problem ever since Congress placed day care on its agenda in the ‘80s (Jansson, 1999, p. 139). This result is the culmination of lobbying by Children’s Defense Fund, feminist groups, and corporations who have begun to hire increasing numbers of women (Jansson, 1999, p.139). According to Chambers (1986), the significance of a social problem is indicated by the number of people affected and also by the social status of the individuals or groups bringing interest to the issue (p. 119). The lack of day care has affected increasing numbers of families in which both parents have had to work to support their families. Concomitantly, corporations who hire working parents also suffer from the impact of the lack of proper day care when they lose valuable employees who
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END OF HUMAN RELATIONSHIPS.
Term Paper ID:26675
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Essay Subject:
Examines relationships' end as a phase in life & death of the couple, focusing on the failure of communication.... More...
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5 Pages / 1125 Words
12 sources, 9 Citations,
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Paper Abstract:
Examines relationships' end as a phase in life & death of the couple, focusing on the failure of communication.
Paper Introduction:
Nature’s first green is gold
Her hardest hue to hold
Her early leaf’s a flower
But only so an hour.
Then leaf subsides to leaf.
So Eden sank to grief
So dawn goes down to day.
Nothing gold can stay.
The poet Robert Frost’s assessment of the transience of everything good is a little more pessimistic than most of us would like to be to be, but it may indeed be an accurate one when one is discussing the likely course of human relationships, which so very often end in disinterest, distrust, alienation and a lack of any genuine
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CHILD CARE.
Term Paper ID:26573
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Essay Subject:
Social need for day care, options, impact of changing socioeconomics, families & women's roles, govt. & corp. involvement.... More...
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9 Pages / 2025 Words
8 sources, 29 Citations,
MLA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Social need for day care, options, impact of changing socioeconomics, families & women's roles, govt. & corp. involvement.
Paper Introduction:
In today's economy American women must work and, in order to ensure the well-being of the country's children, large companies and government must provide childcare (and, sometimes, elder-care) programs to allow working parents to perform their jobs without being forced to neglect their family responsibilities. In the United States today 60 percent of all women and 75 percent of all men are in the workforce. This is a change in the society that has taken place over the last 30 years. Many women no longer have the choice of remaining at home until their children have grown and so parents are forced to find child-care options. Daycare for pre-school children, after-school services for older children, summer programs for older children, and care for elderly dependents of working men and women are often very expensive, good programs are rare, and, in many cases, they
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EFFECTS OF DIVORCE.
Term Paper ID:26497
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Essay Subject:
Impact on women & children, especially in poor families, gender inequities, child support, social & psychological aspects. remarriage.... More...
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6 Pages / 1350 Words
9 sources, 12 Citations,
MLA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Impact on women & children, especially in poor families, gender inequities, child support, social & psychological aspects. remarriage.
Paper Introduction:
Divorce in the United States is especially devastating to women and children because it contributes to the feminization of poverty. Divorce is an issue that is currently being addressed by various political leaders who see a high divorce rate as evidence of social decay, and there are efforts under way to make divorce more difficult by returning the emphasis to fault. Marriages are subject to a number of divisive forces, from external pressures such as job loss, illness, infertility, and the need to care for aging parents. Some marriages survive, while others do not. People also have habits and attitudes which may be divisive and which they may not be able to overcome in marriage. Divorce tends to be harder on women than men because men are more likely to have careers and jobs while the women are more likely to be dependent; in addition, women who do or can work
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INTERMARRIAGE AMONG JAPANESE-AMERICANS.
Term Paper ID:26487
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Essay Subject:
Examines history, incidence, legal, social & personal effects of Japanese-Amer. women marrying non-Japanese-American men.... More...
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5 Pages / 1125 Words
5 sources, 7 Citations,
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Paper Abstract:
Examines history, incidence, legal, social & personal effects of Japanese-Amer. women marrying non-Japanese-American men.
Paper Introduction:
Intermarriage is one sign of the assimilation of a foreign population in their new country. Such marriages, however, often encounter numerous difficulties, from discrimination to cultural tensions between the husband and wife. Racial intermarriage involves the added difficulty of different racial backgrounds, which also create instances of discrimination and problems fitting into the community. The marriages of Japanese women and American men constitute one such intermarried population facing particular problems and issues.
When the Japanese started arriving in the United States in the 1890s, anger about the Chinese was simply transferred to the newcomers, and the focus of hostility and agitation against the Japanese was in California, as had been the case with hostility toward the Chinese. This was also where most of the continental Japan
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