TUNDRA.   Term Paper ID:28350 Click to get this paper Essay Subject: Examines this simple biome, its fauna, animal/predators, balance.... More... 6 Pages / 1350 Words 6 sources, 13 Citations, APA Format $24.00 Return to List of Papers Paper Abstract: Examines this simple biome, its fauna, animal/predators, balance. Paper Introduction: INTRODUCTION Different regions on earth share similar climatic conditions despite being found in geographically different areas, and when areas have comparable ecosystems, they are categorized as being one of the types of biome. The geographical distribution and the productivity of the various biomes is controlled primarily by the climatic variables of precipitation and temperature. The tundra is an arctic and alpine biome, with a geographical distribution largely poleward of 60 degrees North latitude: The tundra biome is characterized by an absence of trees, the presence of dwarf plants, and a ground surface that is wet, spongy, and hummocky. Soils of this biome are usually permanently frozen (permafrost) starting at a depth of a Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while disordered, many of the phrases are essentially intact. From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. the productivity of the variousbiomes is controlled primarily of trees the presence of dwarf plants and physical barrier to plant root growth by the climatic conditions more terms of species composition andfood chains Among the vegetation and theseinclude tussock-forming graminoids mats or cushion plants and and among the climatic elementsof import are an extremely strong drying winds The snowfall isactually advantageous to plant include permafrost and this and notcold temperaturesas such is generally ofmicrohabitats and plant communities There is those species that are residentand those that are migratory There Among these species one commonly finds andbrown in summer There are certain physiological adaptations animal species remain active Certainpopulation adaptations are evident biome range in size fromshrews weighing only a few grams moose and musk oxen In the do not have theability to become torpid in the cold a highly intelligent and social itshowl wolves are skilled predators and they are not wasteful and one pack will often covermore than hour but they cannot maintain such speeds good swimmers and take to the water or snowto avoid and they are unpredictable intheir with reference to the moose population Ballard It has been found that wolf predation a limiting factor meaning that ithelps shaggy beat with a very fine wool by a wolf each will try mice as easier to catchand kill Ray and McCormick-Ray Predator such aswaterfowl shorebirds and caribou adapt to breed The Tundra Polar bears faced apermanently accessible food reserve of roots and powerful stroke from asharp-edged hoof a scavenger than the jackal ortiger and the bear Bears can run when they wish weight and sex Bears can sense prey over omnivorous diet to a more completely B and Van Ballenberghe V In Ecologyand management of the Press Pidwirny M J March Introduction tobiogeography regions New York Chanticleer The Tundra http www runet areas havecomparable ecosystems they are categorized as being one of distribution largely poleward of degrees North latitude The permafrost starting at a depth of a few centimeters to food and protection though species diversity and the effectof treeless land which describes the tundra well shrubs as well asheaths birches and willows The growthforms are deciduous in habit The climate involves o Fahrenheit or o Centigrade and low offering a degree of protectionfrom layer andsolifluction during the warmer months contribute to strongcontrols enable certain fauna towithstand the harsh conditions of the tundra hare arcticfox musk ox species cover offeathers or fur and pelage and plumage the shortgrowing season This fat acts as insulation and which is the major herbivore in the tundra's simple food ground squirrels and otheranimals such even more common in some areas Mostsmall tundra animals store requirements Ray and McCormick-Ray The primary predator complex language conveyed by body are low in number that wolves have a serious impact Caribou are speedy runners and can overheated They have large feet which help antlers that spread almost two meters from tipto and black bears are the primarypredators of moose The study can stabilize atdifferent equilibria in themoose population Ballard Van Ballenberghe Theeffects of predation in a strangest of the herbivores in smaller than those of the caribou at from formidablefoe but more often the crashes of the herbivorepopulations in the course end of the short growingseason they move southward to be ableto scavenge to survive winter and musk ox are able to cleave meat baits in fox-traps and the winter months but all year can travel at about miles perhour and some may fairly smalland more jagged than those of the brown bear difficult biome in which fauna exist in their own niche Lords of the Arctic New York Macmillan bc ca physgeog contents k html Ray INTRODUCTION Different regions on earth share similar climatic by the climatic variables of precipitationand temperature The a ground surface that is wet spongy and hummocky Soils Pidwirny In this region competition has thanby competition THE TUNDRA The word tundra found there are lichens mosses oftenevergreen members of the heath family such as short growing season to weeks long cold dark winters to and animal life because if believed to be what prevents tree growth no true soildeveloped in this biome due to the edaphic are a small number of bird e g certain characteristics First arethe morphological adaptations The animals have indicated such as the ability to accumulate There are cyclical fluctuations inpopulation size and to the moose which weighs over kilograms and among the Arcticregion the lemmings are the most common and remain active all winter long All live under the animal thattravels in packs hunts cooperatively and is predatorsthat kill only when they need the food square kilometers Ray and McCormick-Ray The wolf's for along period of time especially bloodsucking insects They are mainly lichen-eaters The mooseis behavior and formidable because of their size Van Ballenberghe One model found has no impact onmoose under natural conditions but it does limit moose population growth Ballard Van Ballenberghe which is actually anunderfur that is shed to throwthe wolf into the air with its populations and plant populations respond to the tundra by avoiding the mostsevere conditions of with shortages of seal meant moss beneath the snow andare able to The vegetarian hare also is is more of a scavenger than and when a bear trots he many miles Adultpolar bears have carnivorousone Davids CONCLUSION There is generally North American moose A W Franzmann C and ecology Fundamentals of physical geography Okanagan University edu swoodwar CLASSES GEOG biomes tundra the types ofbiome The geographical distribution and tundra biome is characterized by an absence meter or more The permafrost line is a predation are each influenced most Thetundra is the simplest biome in most common aretypical and ground-hugging and other warmth-preserving forms high latitudeconditions that impact life in this biome precipitation less than fiveinches per year coupled with the cold The edaphic controls on vegetation patterns creating a mosaic and thesestrategies can be divided among that reside year-round on the tundra that turns white in winter as a store of energy foruse during the winter when chain TheTundra The mammals found in the tundra as foxes wolves hares lynxes wolverines weasels otters caribou their food for the winter They for most of these mammals is the wolf Canus lupus language and sounds such as on theirpopulations The wolf is highly territorial travel at up to kilometers an them travelover the snow They are also tip They cannot run as fast as caribou of predator prey relationships isa major area of study response to natural and or human-causedchanges number of case studies shows thatpredation can be considered the tundra region This is a large and three to animals Both sexes have horns and when attacked wolf resorts to hares and of a year Migratory species into the boreal forest or beyond returning tothe tundra the winter while lemmings have a waydown to ice-encrusted herbage with a the blubberin storehouses The fox is even more of round and anything remotelyedible attracts bears Perry go considerably faster with their top speed dependenton size which some scientists believeindicates a change from an andsurvive under particularly onerous conditions References Ballard W Perry R The world of the polar bear Universityof Washington G C McCormick-Ray M G Wildlife of thepolar conditions despitebeing found in geographically different areas and when tundra is an arctic and alpine biome with ageographical of this biome are usually permanently frozen developed over what the land does providein the way of is derived from the Finnish word forbarren or sedges perennial forms and dwarfed rosettes and dwarf shrubs some of which months with mean monthly temperatures below provides aninsulating layer on the ground surface Additionally freeze-thaw activity a thin active factors The Tundra FAUNA Various strategies have evolved to ptarmigan and mammal e g muskox arctic large compact bodiesfollowing Bergmann's and Allen's rules a thick insulating thick deposits of fat during this is perhaps best seen in the lemming a smallrodent animals found in the region arerodents such as muskrats lemmings rodent but relatedvoles share their habitat and are insulative snow in the winter each with its ownparticular habitat gentle to others in the pack It has a It is only at times when caribouor moose prey does not just sit there and wait to bekilled in the summer when they wouldbecome a mostly solitary animal and seemsungainly with males having and strength Ray andMcCormick-Ray Wolves grizzly bears in theliterature suggests that the moose population become importantafter excessive hunting or natural catastrophes that reduce The musk ox is the in great patches in summer Musk oxen form herdsthat are horns The wolf can still be a inthe same way to the peaks and winter and each year at the resort toscavenging It is necessary for these larger mammals grow extra-large claws specifically fortunneling in the able to survivebecause it is able to gnaw at the that The bear scavengesnot just during actuallypaces in a smooth flowing gait Bears strong incisors with cheek teeth that are a balance between predators and prey in thetundra a C Schwartz eds Washington D C Smithsonian Davids R C College http www geog ouc tundra html the productivity of the variousbiomes is controlled primarily of trees the presence of dwarf plants and physical barrier to plant root growth by the climatic conditions more terms of species composition andfood chains Among the vegetation and theseinclude tussock-forming graminoids mats or cushion plants and and among the climatic elementsof import are an extremely strong drying winds The snowfall isactually advantageous to plant include permafrost and this and notcold temperaturesas such is generally ofmicrohabitats and plant communities There is those species that are residentand those that are migratory There Among these species one commonly finds andbrown in summer There are certain physiological adaptations animal species remain active Certainpopulation adaptations are evident biome range in size fromshrews weighing only a few grams moose and musk oxen In the do not have theability to become torpid in the cold a highly intelligent and social itshowl wolves are skilled predators and they are not wasteful and one pack will often covermore than hour but they cannot maintain such speeds good swimmers and take to the water or snowto avoid and they are unpredictable intheir with reference to the moose population Ballard It has been found that wolf predation a limiting factor meaning that ithelps shaggy beat with a very fine wool by a wolf each will try mice as easier to catchand kill Ray and McCormick-Ray Predator such aswaterfowl shorebirds and caribou adapt to breed The Tundra Polar bears faced apermanently accessible food reserve of roots and powerful stroke from asharp-edged hoof a scavenger than the jackal ortiger and the bear Bears can run when they wish weight and sex Bears can sense prey over omnivorous diet to a more completely B and Van Ballenberghe V In Ecologyand management of the Press Pidwirny M J March Introduction tobiogeography regions New York Chanticleer The Tundra http www runet areas havecomparable ecosystems they are categorized as being one of distribution largely poleward of degrees North latitude The permafrost starting at a depth of a few centimeters to food and protection though species diversity and the effectof treeless land which describes the tundra well shrubs as well asheaths birches and willows The growthforms are deciduous in habit The climate involves o Fahrenheit or o Centigrade and low offering a degree of protectionfrom layer andsolifluction during the warmer months contribute to strongcontrols enable certain fauna towithstand the harsh conditions of the tundra hare arcticfox musk ox species cover offeathers or fur and pelage and plumage the shortgrowing season This fat acts as insulation and which is the major herbivore in the tundra's simple food ground squirrels and otheranimals such even more common in some areas Mostsmall tundra animals store requirements Ray and McCormick-Ray The primary predator complex language conveyed by body are low in number that wolves have a serious impact Caribou are speedy runners and can overheated They have large feet which help antlers that spread almost two meters from tipto and black bears are the primarypredators of moose The study can stabilize atdifferent equilibria in themoose population Ballard Van Ballenberghe Theeffects of predation in a strangest of the herbivores in smaller than those of the caribou at from formidablefoe but more often the crashes of the herbivorepopulations in the course end of the short growingseason they move southward to be ableto scavenge to survive winter and musk ox are able to cleave meat baits in fox-traps and the winter months but all year can travel at about miles perhour and some may fairly smalland more jagged than those of the brown bear difficult biome in which fauna exist in their own niche Lords of the Arctic New York Macmillan bc ca physgeog contents k html Ray If this paper is not what you are looking for, you can search again: Search for: or Click here to request an essay written just for you.