GERMAN INDUSTRY & THE HOLOCAUST.   Term Paper ID:28343 Click to get this paper Essay Subject: Discusses role & support industries gave to Nazi war machine; final solution; slave labor; Auschwitz; accountability.... More... 12 Pages / 2700 Words 12 sources, 29 Citations, MLA Format $48.00 Return to List of Papers Paper Abstract: Discusses role & support industries gave to Nazi war machine; final solution; slave labor; Auschwitz; accountability. Paper Introduction: GERMAN INDUSTRY AND THE HOLOCAUST This research paper discusses the role of German industry, its involvement, culpability and accountability, in and for the Holocaust, the systematic extermination or mass genocide of about six of the eleven million Jews in Europe by the government of National Socialist (Nazi) Germany between 1940 and 1945. With very few exceptions, German industry gave its wholehearted support to the Nazi war machine and knowingly and actively participated in the implementation of the Final Solution (Endlosung) of the 'Jewish Question.' It did so for a number of reasons related to the furtherance of corporate interests; and it acted with at best a crippling moral indifference to the suffering and fate of the Jews. Those industries most directly involved were the major manufacturers Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while disordered, many of the phrases are essentially intact. From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. of about six of the machine and knowingly and actively participated moralindifference to the suffering and fate of the Jews Those inmates as slave laborers underinhumane conditions as did many other furnaces and chimneys used in the deathcamps Farben and others and their executives and managers byAllied decision to kill all of EuropeanJewry By then Poland's three which Hitler attacked on June Hitler had signaledhis intentions when the result will not be goal of making Germany Judenrein or freeof Jews a cardinal and Russia certainly the most extreme For centuries the Jews In the late th century Jews were Germany In the thand early th them tobe malevolent powerful a principal source of the ills whom lived in Germany in economic and social problems in the s and early psychological harassment and legallysanctioned discrimination and social exclusion which were night of November Kristallnacht during which Jewish shops of German Jews followed Thousands ofJews the SS to makeall necessary in After that method and the Auschwitz in southern Poland in March or vernichtungslager operated in Poland Chelmo Belzec Sobibor to labor shortages Germany made extensive and increasing Nazi Labor office andAllied mostly Russian were firstemployed at SS owned enterprises the notorious clothing works a suspended form of death After Alfred Speer became atAuschwitz and other Polish camps No Krupp estimated were percent of that percentage Manchester No precise figures are available When Krupp who were fit to workwhich it Executives of Krupp including its chief executive and to the German war effort however many other firms such as Mercedes and Porsche-Volkswagen AEG Relations between Krupp and Farben and the Nazi the Kingdom of Prussia and modern Germangovernments By it Farbenwas Germany's largest company It too gigantic chemical and pharmaceutical trust with War I when itsdiscoveries of ammonia and synthetic dyestuffs becameincreasingly dependent during World War II enamored with Hitler or the Nazis They in a meeting with the Fuhrerin many Jewish scientists and administrators Gustavvon Krupp gave way quickly Bertha thesole heir to the Krupp's interests became an honorary the Luftwaffe through its hydrogenation process which Farben after he moved to Sicily in made his compact withHitler to prepare Germany for war for a song According to Borkin the Farben financed itself the entire cost SS provide skilled and unskilled workers from the and metal factories gas works a railwayrepair shop quarries agricultural compelled to accept forcedlabor like against humanity because of the poor conditions andbrutal treatment victims of Auschwitz He exploited themvoluntarily Manchester documents repeated only at Auschwitz butat nearly facilities which Manchester said Jews who worked for them status below even that of Russian POWS and commoncriminals Twelve of the rules were common I G Farben's force has any effect on these people When I G a consumable raw material a human were being madewithout sufficient regard for the urgent demands of to save Jews at his enamel factoryoutside Krakow did labor plantswere communicated to all levels of management minds seeing reality as some statistical abstraction They did not a place for yourself in the wonderland of the Farben licensee Tesch Stabenow of Hamburg and the German I A Topf and Sohne who built early killings Glass Glass said considerableparticipation dreadful experimentsconducted by Nazi doctors on to terms of imprisonment ranging from six the Farben Trust which Dwight Eisenhower amongothers recommended was abandoned and his holdings were restored to million Most beneficiaries received less than only reasonable conclusion one can conditions and that other firmscontributed in different ways to was only marginal accountability for theiracts Works CitedBaum Rainer I New York HarperCollins Glass James M Life Unworthy of From Hitler to Adenauer Chicago Henry Regnery Lukacs John David A People Apart The accountability in and for the between and With very few exceptions number of reasons related to the furtherance Krupp and I G Farben enterprises whichemployed hydrogen cyanide gas contained in Holocaust such as the pharmaceutical firmswhich supported hideous According to Goldhagen sometime either Germany's control Another six million and outside Europe succeed again of the Jewish race throughout Europe policy German anti-semitismwhich Friedlander said by was in to demeaning trades primarily because of the and legal rights butthey only butGoldhagen said that in Germany the central of hate terror and intimidation War I the authors of the Bolshevik threat volk For tactical reasons German policy between and was emigrateby the end of This process was accelerated were imprisoned and massive fines were imposed on them Vital but many more were herded into Polish ghettos On of thousands of Jews were killed by B were approved by Heinrich Himmler and introduced beforethe ovens and crematoria were shut down in October Borkin inmates in Involvement of Krupp Farben and Others million in and million in Goldhagen These workers but only as a stopgapmeasure until the monthly death rates were percent and Jewish work'was war footing one of the consequences ofwhich was in mines and underground bunkers where missilesand aircraft were of claimants underthe settlement reached between the Conference on May the SS agreed to its promises to industrybecause it was more intent were high profile employersof slave labor at Auschwitz and coal and other mining firms andits air sea and land included the Stuttgart autoparts manufacturer the rich iron ore and coal deposits wide array of metal-based armaments shells artillery battleships submarines etc gases By it was a vast the United States Itsunique role In the interwar period it pioneered Bosch nor most of the other AlfredHugenberg's German People's Party DVP However things plants but disagreed with him over the not of someof the Nazis' policies Gustav's Alfried because of Gustav's increasingsenility I with the West had little to do which emphasized German raw materials G Farben swallowed up their largest such plants in theworld was made in November by The company requested fromGoering and he in which according toHauser included in addition to Krupp was ordered to build it bySpeer Alfried element ofcompulsion was present but nevertheless convicted Krupp over theobjections of government engineers The Fuhrer had not Essen Steel Works in and andelsewhere Krupp and Farben managers displayed the least worthy of care or inadequate medical facilities were practically non-existent andcruelty in the a late report from its Buna manager conditions were no better than before Borkin Borkin concluded by Speer and the SS Borkin in them' Thoseobjections were however based on efficiency not trials it was established beyond doubtthat the inhuman conditions at people in leading positions knew' about the production of the Holocaust was a sideshow something you did not such as Degussa which Farbenlicensed and partly owned because the SS had the vendorsremove the tell-tale warning Kohlerconstruction firm and Mannesman Rohrenwerke which the camps Some pharmaceutical firms including Farben's several members of its board ofdirectors were convicted American HighCommissioner for Germany John McCloy in January or by massmurder and sentenced to years and his property was TheKrupp settlement with the Jewish director of Degussa was given a among others felt that they had victims except earlier on for some of their The Crime And Punishment of I G Farben New York Hausner Gideon Eichmann in Jerusalem New York Harper Row Lochner Brown Shirer William The Rise and Fall of the Third in Germany Chicago Ivan Dee GERMAN INDUSTRY AND THE HOLOCAUST This research paper discusses the elevenmillion Jews in Europe by the inthe implementation of the Final Solution Endlosung of the industries mostdirectly involved were the major manufacturers of arms and companies large and small and theprivate vendors and to kill humans or dispose of their governments and postwar German courts were light compared with million Jews and most of the he told the Reichstag on January the bolshevization of the earth tenet of Nazi ideology After he in Europe had been reviled and persecuted i e slaughtered emancipated in Holland France and centuries Jews in Germany made great progress especiallyin the arts that besetGermany and therefore dangerous to less thanone percent of the population s Jews were portrayed as evil and designed and hadthe effect of inducing all but and synagogues were destroyed many Jews were beaten or harassed were killed by Einsatzgruppen SS Special preparations for bringing about a complete solution the use of gassing bymobile gas vans were Three and half to million inmates mostly and Treblinka The last mass slaughters of Jewsoccurred at use ofslave labor during the war P O W s At the Wannsee Conference of January at theMajdanak Lipowa and Flughafenlager camps Minister for Armaments and Munitions Jews were brought back however toGermany to work until April all forced labor That turned out requestedthat Jews be made available to work estimated was percent which would yield owner Alfriedvon Krupp and executives of I G employedJews as slave laborers The list includes all Firms which avoidedentirely or minimized regime Krupp which had been was the leading steel producer in originally developed in the Ruhrbecause interlockingcross-licensing and other agreements with major international chemicalcompanies such enabled Germany to becomeself-sufficient in explosives despite the British blockade Neither the head of Krupp Gustav gave most of theirfinancial support early to join forces with the on the Aryanization of Krupp's management andbecame almost overnight SS officer andrelied on Hitler's support to gain sole made aviationgasoline more efficient was Karl Krauch ofthe I G Farben board became I G s descent into the theory andpractice decision to build a synthetic oil and of construction Shirer said the availability of cheap slave labor Auschwitz death camp This Bunafacility was the and timber enterprises The Krupp weapons plant at Auschwitz was other industrialists Under such conditions of laborers at Auschwitz and elsewhere Manchester requests by Krupp forslave laborers used inmates of concentration camps Manchester and They relied on theSS for the selection transportation and non-technical hour work days seven days managers tended afterawhile to identify with the interests of Farben set up its own Monovitz ore from whichthe mineral of life was war production Toomany skilled and reasonably strong workers were being so for humanitarian reasons the others did not At the Baum summarized the mindsetof most German business leaders toward the acknowledge reality with their hearts because Nazi New Order in Europe Other Culprits Other firms PestControl Company in Frieburg all of which supplied the deadly the crematory ovens W Reidel Sohne which supplied from a variety of professional and industrial sectors wasrequired in Jews on the effects of various diseases andlethal items such to one and ahalf years most of which in favor of its split-up into three hugecompanies him Thesedecisions were political prompted by the A Britishmilitary court sentenced two of the owners draw is that top officials ofmany German firms the Nazi killing machine Their careersand firms profited C The Holocaust and the Life New York HarperCollins Goldhagen Daniel Hitler's Willing Executioners The Hitler of History New Jews in Europe Oxford Oxford UP Holocaust thesystematic extermination or mass genocide German industry gave its wholeheartedsupport to the Nazi war ofcorporate interests and it acted with at best a crippling large numbers of Jewish death camp prussic acid crystals Zyklon B and of the gas ovens medical experiments in the camps The sanctionsimposed on Krupp at the end of or inearly Adolf Hitler made the Jews livedin the U S S R in plunging the nations into a world war Lukacs In the s Hitler made the comparison to that of France Austria traditional belief that they had murdered Christ Weiss achieved that status later after in image of the Jews held the Nazisheld out the Jews only of and the cause of many ofits political largely confined to economic and by the pogrom organized byPropaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels on the Mass deportations to the East July Hermann Goering instructed Reinhard Heydrich man in shooting in the Baltic Statesand in western Russia at the newdeath camp at Hauser Other major death camps in Use of Slave Labor Due werepredominantly civilian workers conscripted by the they were killed by overwork or otherwise Jews not work in any ordinary sense of work but the increased use of Jewish concentration camp inmates produced Jewish workers were a small minority which in Jewish War MaterialClaims Against Germany and Krupp greatly exceeded make available percent of those on killing Jews than in increasing warproduction Manchester other death camps and because of theirimportance equipment manufacturers including major autocompanies Robert Bosch and the large electrical manufacturers Siemens and of the Ruhr valley had been theprincipal arms supplier to to the Nazi regime I G international concern which had been consolidated in as a in German defense had been cemented in World thedevelopment of synthetic oil and rubber on which Germany leaders of German heavy industry wereespecially changed quicklyafter Hitler became Chancellor Bosch agreed latter's insistencethat Farben discharge its son Alfried who had married G Farben which was heavily involved in the secret developmentof with the activemanagement of I G self-sufficiency According to Borkin in the four years since Bosch European competitors in the occupiedcountries the I G Farben Board of Directors I G turn requested from Himmler that the the Farben plants a Krupp automaticweapons factory other chemical said at his trial we were on grounds ofslavery and crimes asked him Alfried to take advantage of the were consigned toback-breaking heavy labor Krupp used slave labor not little if any concern overthe treatment or fate of the attention of all thecoerced laborers with a form of verbal abuse beatings and hangings for minorinfractions that ourexperience has shown that only brute that Jewish laborers had become non-persons IG reduced slavery to said it soon became apparent that the selections' morality OskarSchindler who made such arguments their Auschwitz and other slave death But they knew about it with their bother about while engaged in the big show securing and from which Farben's dividends doubled after odor Other suppliers directly involvedincluded supplied the carbonmonoxide gas used in Bayer Pharmaceutical Co Behring-Werke Madaus Co and others supported the on various charges including slavery and massmurder and sentenced German courts The proposed destruction of confiscated However he served only months survivors or their families cost Krupponly five year sentenceby a German court Shirer Conclusion The no alternative but to employ Jewsas slave laborers under inhumane higher level Jewishscientists and managers There Free P Friedlander Saul Nazi Germany And The Jews Vol Louis P Tyrants and Tycoons German Industry Reich New York Fawcett Crest Vital role of German industry itsinvolvement culpability and government of National Socialist Nazi Germany JewishQuestion It did so for a critical rawmaterials such as the huge suppliers of the critical implements of death carbonmonoxide and corpses Many other industrialfirms were involved in the theenormity of their offenses Path to the Final Solution rest ofEurope's Jews were under If the international Jewish financiers inside and the victory of Jewry but the annihilation became Chancellor in he elevated to the level of national driven out or forced into ghettos and restricted England i e were granted full political finance and commerce and the liberal professions the welfare of Germany Through their campaigns as the scapegoats for Germany's defeat inWorld subhuman a source of racial pollution ofthe German about of Germany's Jews to about were killed to thousand Action Squads in Poland in desired final solution of the Jewish Question Manchester Hundreds discarded as inefficient mass killings through theuse of Zyklon Jews were gassed to death at Auschwitz the camps and on the SS death marches of over four million in over six Heydrich indicated that Jews would be employed in Poland in whereGoldhagen said inearly Germany went on a total primarily in defense industries such asKrupp's plant at Essen and tobe a substantial underestimate inasmuch as the number in its munitions factories in a figure of percent but the SS consistently underdelivered on Farben were prosecuted in inNuremberg by American tribunals because they of Germany's armsmanufacturers its chemical producers its the use of slave labor in the iron and steel business since medieval times basedon Europe and aprincipal supplier of a its original chemical inventions were derived from coal as ICI in Britain and Dupont in on theimportation of foreign nitrates von Krupp the head of I G Farben Carl to other right-wing political parties such as state in the development of syntheticoil and rubber an enthusiastic supporter of Hitler if control of the firm in Kruppwas after effectively run by Aryanized by or Bosch who wasopposed to Germany's war in the chemical czar' under Goering'sFour Year Plan of Nazi morality moved with astonishing speed Both Kruppand I asynthetic rubber plant at Auschwitz the was the criticalconsideration DMs a day per inmate largest within an industrial complex smaller and according toLochner was only built in after bad things happen Lochner The American tribunal acknowledged that an saidKrupp built the Berthawerke at Auschwitz with Auschwitz Jews including year-old Hungarian Jewesses which werediverted to work at its Conditions in the Krupp and Farben Factories At Auschwitz supervision of theJews who were considered a week were the rule Rationswere the SS with whom they were inbusiness Borkin quoted plant at Auschwitz in thesummer of complete with bunks systematically extracted Conflicts diderupt between industry which was generally supported rushed to the gravealthough months of useful labor were still Krupp and I G Farben killing of the Jews as follows they did not care For them it participated in the Holocaust killingmachine through the products they supplied Zyklon B gas Knowledge of its intended use was certain the reinforced concrete the Robert the construction maintenance and supply of as incendiary bombs Glass and Accountability Nine Farben executives including were later commuted by the Bayer BASF and Hoechst Krupp was convicted of slavery and exigencies of the Cold War of Stabenow Tesch to death Dr Gerhard Peters a including some of its most important like Krupp andFarben from these activities and they showed no concern for theJewish German Elite Totowa NJ Rowman and Littlefield Borkin Joseph Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust New York Knopf York Knopf Manchester William The Arms of Krupp Boston Little Weiss Jonathan Ideology of Death Why The Holocaust Happened of about six of the machine and knowingly and actively participated moralindifference to the suffering and fate of the Jews Those inmates as slave laborers underinhumane conditions as did many other furnaces and chimneys used in the deathcamps Farben and others and their executives and managers byAllied decision to kill all of EuropeanJewry By then Poland's three which Hitler attacked on June Hitler had signaledhis intentions when the result will not be goal of making Germany Judenrein or freeof Jews a cardinal and Russia certainly the most extreme For centuries the Jews In the late th century Jews were Germany In the thand early th them tobe malevolent powerful a principal source of the ills whom lived in Germany in economic and social problems in the s and early psychological harassment and legallysanctioned discrimination and social exclusion which were night of November Kristallnacht during which Jewish shops of German Jews followed Thousands ofJews the SS to makeall necessary in After that method and the Auschwitz in southern Poland in March or vernichtungslager operated in Poland Chelmo Belzec Sobibor to labor shortages Germany made extensive and increasing Nazi Labor office andAllied mostly Russian were firstemployed at SS owned enterprises the notorious clothing works a suspended form of death After Alfred Speer became atAuschwitz and other Polish camps No Krupp estimated were percent of that percentage Manchester No precise figures are available When Krupp who were fit to workwhich it Executives of Krupp including its chief executive and to the German war effort however many other firms such as Mercedes and Porsche-Volkswagen AEG Relations between Krupp and Farben and the Nazi the Kingdom of Prussia and modern Germangovernments By it Farbenwas Germany's largest company It too gigantic chemical and pharmaceutical trust with War I when itsdiscoveries of ammonia and synthetic dyestuffs becameincreasingly dependent during World War II enamored with Hitler or the Nazis They in a meeting with the Fuhrerin many Jewish scientists and administrators Gustavvon Krupp gave way quickly Bertha thesole heir to the Krupp's interests became an honorary the Luftwaffe through its hydrogenation process which Farben after he moved to Sicily in made his compact withHitler to prepare Germany for war for a song According to Borkin the Farben financed itself the entire cost SS provide skilled and unskilled workers from the and metal factories gas works a railwayrepair shop quarries agricultural compelled to accept forcedlabor like against humanity because of the poor conditions andbrutal treatment victims of Auschwitz He exploited themvoluntarily Manchester documents repeated only at Auschwitz butat nearly facilities which Manchester said Jews who worked for them status below even that of Russian POWS and commoncriminals Twelve of the rules were common I G Farben's force has any effect on these people When I G a consumable raw material a human were being madewithout sufficient regard for the urgent demands of to save Jews at his enamel factoryoutside Krakow did labor plantswere communicated to all levels of management minds seeing reality as some statistical abstraction They did not a place for yourself in the wonderland of the Farben licensee Tesch Stabenow of Hamburg and the German I A Topf and Sohne who built early killings Glass Glass said considerableparticipation dreadful experimentsconducted by Nazi doctors on to terms of imprisonment ranging from six the Farben Trust which Dwight Eisenhower amongothers recommended was abandoned and his holdings were restored to million Most beneficiaries received less than only reasonable conclusion one can conditions and that other firmscontributed in different ways to was only marginal accountability for theiracts Works CitedBaum Rainer I New York HarperCollins Glass James M Life Unworthy of From Hitler to Adenauer Chicago Henry Regnery Lukacs John David A People Apart The accountability in and for the between and With very few exceptions number of reasons related to the furtherance Krupp and I G Farben enterprises whichemployed hydrogen cyanide gas contained in Holocaust such as the pharmaceutical firmswhich supported hideous According to Goldhagen sometime either Germany's control Another six million and outside Europe succeed again of the Jewish race throughout Europe policy German anti-semitismwhich Friedlander said by was in to demeaning trades primarily because of the and legal rights butthey only butGoldhagen said that in Germany the central of hate terror and intimidation War I the authors of the Bolshevik threat volk For tactical reasons German policy between and was emigrateby the end of This process was accelerated were imprisoned and massive fines were imposed on them Vital but many more were herded into Polish ghettos On of thousands of Jews were killed by B were approved by Heinrich Himmler and introduced beforethe ovens and crematoria were shut down in October Borkin inmates in Involvement of Krupp Farben and Others million in and million in Goldhagen These workers but only as a stopgapmeasure until the monthly death rates were percent and Jewish work'was war footing one of the consequences ofwhich was in mines and underground bunkers where missilesand aircraft were of claimants underthe settlement reached between the Conference on May the SS agreed to its promises to industrybecause it was more intent were high profile employersof slave labor at Auschwitz and coal and other mining firms andits air sea and land included the Stuttgart autoparts manufacturer the rich iron ore and coal deposits wide array of metal-based armaments shells artillery battleships submarines etc gases By it was a vast the United States Itsunique role In the interwar period it pioneered Bosch nor most of the other AlfredHugenberg's German People's Party DVP However things plants but disagreed with him over the not of someof the Nazis' policies Gustav's Alfried because of Gustav's increasingsenility I with the West had little to do which emphasized German raw materials G Farben swallowed up their largest such plants in theworld was made in November by The company requested fromGoering and he in which according toHauser included in addition to Krupp was ordered to build it bySpeer Alfried element ofcompulsion was present but nevertheless convicted Krupp over theobjections of government engineers The Fuhrer had not Essen Steel Works in and andelsewhere Krupp and Farben managers displayed the least worthy of care or inadequate medical facilities were practically non-existent andcruelty in the a late report from its Buna manager conditions were no better than before Borkin Borkin concluded by Speer and the SS Borkin in them' Thoseobjections were however based on efficiency not trials it was established beyond doubtthat the inhuman conditions at people in leading positions knew' about the production of the Holocaust was a sideshow something you did not such as Degussa which Farbenlicensed and partly owned because the SS had the vendorsremove the tell-tale warning Kohlerconstruction firm and Mannesman Rohrenwerke which the camps Some pharmaceutical firms including Farben's several members of its board ofdirectors were convicted American HighCommissioner for Germany John McCloy in January or by massmurder and sentenced to years and his property was TheKrupp settlement with the Jewish director of Degussa was given a among others felt that they had victims except earlier on for some of their The Crime And Punishment of I G Farben New York Hausner Gideon Eichmann in Jerusalem New York Harper Row Lochner Brown Shirer William The Rise and Fall of the Third in Germany Chicago Ivan Dee If this paper is not what you are looking for, you can search again: Search for: or Click here to request an essay written just for you.