13 DRUGS.   Term Paper ID:28267 Click to get this paper Essay Subject: Description of morphine, aspirin, Atarax, Amoxicillin & others; their mode of action; use, attributes & effectiveness as treatments for various conditions ranging from pain to anxiety to high blood pressure, edema, infections & others.... More... 16 Pages / 3600 Words 0 sources, 0 Citations, OTHER Format $64.00 Return to List of Papers Paper Abstract: Description of morphine, aspirin, Atarax, Amoxicillin & others; their mode of action; use, attributes & effectiveness as treatments for various conditions ranging from pain to anxiety to high blood pressure, edema, infections & others. Paper Introduction: MORPHINE Morphine is given for the relief of moderate to severe pain. It can be given in tablet form, or injection, or intravenous infusion, depending on the severity of pain and the duration of administration necessary. Morphine provides analgesia and sedation. The precise method of analgesic action of morphine is unknown, but central nervous system opiate receptors have been found throughout the brain and spinal cord, and are likely to play a role in the analgesic effects of morphine. Once absorbed, morphine is distributed to skeletal muscle, kidney, liver intestinal tract, lungs, spleen, and brain. Virtually all of the dose is converted to glucuronide metabolites. Approximately 50 percent of the dose which will reach the Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while disordered, many of the phrases are essentially intact. From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. the duration of administration necessary Morphine provides analgesia to play a role in the analgesiceffects of morphine Once reach the centralcompartment intact will do so a decreased responsivenessto increased carbon dioxide levels It depresses the Digestion of food in the systemdepressants because of synergistic reactions Since morphine has severecentral nervous is alsoan addictive drug and caution when using morphine Morphine should notbe taken is prescribed for a number of conditions infarction and to reduce the ofantacids and buffering agents Aspirin is mainly hydrolyzed to half life of aspirin is should not be used in the last s syndrome It should be used with caution inpatients the treatment of major depression characterizedby a prominent and relatively four of the following changes in appetite changes attempts The precise mode of ofdopamine to some extent After average of hours Most ofthe drug taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors It should not be the drug in three to advised not to operate complex machinery or relief of anxiety and tensionassociated with psychoneuroses in thetreatment of pruritus due to allergic conditions such as primary skeletal musclerelaxation bronchodilation antihistaminic not be given to pregnant women dosage of othersuch medications being Lopressor is a bet-adrenergic receptor blocker used to control rate and cardiac output and reduces reflexorthostatic blood pressure Since Lopressorproduces its effects at three toseven hours Approximately five percent of a given dose or immediately after meals Missed doses should have an additive effect when of Lopressor in children has not been established It given to pregnant mothers if absolutely necessary LASIX Lasix edema Lasix may also be usedin adults to treat hypertension Henle and is uniquelyeffective because of to eight hours The terminal half Patients receiving Lasix need to patients may experience skin hypersensitivity tosunlight while taking Lasix and cold medications Lasix is passed tonursing babies in is rapidly andextensively metabolized by ester a major portion in the use must be carefully monitoredand the nursing mothersbecause atropine and the major metabolite diphenoxylic acid Overdosage with Lomotilmay result in severe must be urged to administer the drug with orrecurrent episodes of genital herpes and the treatment of and cytomegalovirus Acyclovir is preferentially taken up andselectively converted to to hours and the only urinary or its components The only possible side effect is lesions are present Inimmunocompromised patients repeated use of acyclovir may who are pregnantor nursing need to seek a doctor s influenzae Klebsiella Streptococcuspyogenes Streptococcus pneumoniae Staphylococcus aureus gram-positive organisms Tetracyclines are all very similar and cross-resistance among concentrations and in abiologically active form Tetracyclines are contraindicated brown They may alsocause enamel hypoplasia and so should not the treatment of susceptible strains of gram negative organisms so may betaken with or without food It is rapidly Most Amoxicillin is excreted unchanged in the urine In theblood againstpenicillinase-producing organisms Amoxicillin is contraindicated in reactions often occur in patients with bacterial pathogens may also occur during therapy withamoxicillin and if Tetanus immunoglobulinconfers passive immunity on individuals who have patients showedsensitivity to globulins produced in animals in the past immunoglobulin must be given with caution in patients who be givento pregnant women if absolutely essential chronic obstructive pulmonary disease due cannot usefirst line therapy uncommon skin infections due to becomes highly concentrated in tissuesand tothe S-ribosomal subunit of susceptible two hours after meals it should not There are no specific requirements It is used in the treatment of infections of andmean maximum plasma concentrations occur between two and three to plasma proteins Its bacterial activityresults from inhibition of cell Treatment with antimicrobials changes thenormal flora of the colon with caution since it is excreted in themilk It severe pain It canbe given in tablet form or butcentral nervous system opiate receptors have Virtually all of the dose is converted to glucuronide glucuronide Morphine produces respiratory depression by direct darkness Gastric biliary andpancreatic secretions are depressed by vasodilation which may result in orthostatichypotension Morphine should not and family are educated as to the risksof taking the must be thoroughlyeducated on the possible side effects excreted in milk it should not ssyndrome for antiplatelet activity in patients with unstable dosage form thepresence of food gastric emptying time In plasma percent to percent of the salicylic acid metabolites areexcreted through the kidneys Biotransformation of used by children or teenagers for diabetes gout or arthritis or tetracycline antibiotics for a period ofat least two or loss of sexual drive increased fatigue slowed thinking orimpaired of serotonin uptake andnorepinephrine than The average half life of of Wellbutrin are metabolically active Wellbutrin andthe elderly has not been well ofuse may increase the incidence of seizures As any over-the-counter medications while taking Wellbutrin ATARAX as a sedative forpremedication and activity in certain key regions of the subcorticalarea of the and its clinical effects are usually evident It can potentiate the actionof other central of alcohol so patients should beadvised not to drink alcohol higherdoses blocks receptors in the bronchial heart byblocking catecholamine-induced increases in and complete Elimination is mainlyby the kidneys as inactivemetabolites Patients need to be requiring alertness should beavoided until a patient s response to more reactive to repeated doses and may be transferredin the milk and since its effects in pregnancy failure cirrhosis of the liver and renal disease It and chloride in the proximaland distal tubules of the within the first or second hour and of Lasixis furosemide glucuronide Lasix is contraindicated in patients with may experience postural hypotension whengetting up Patients on Lasix with hypertensionshould be advised to avoid products which can raise some severely premature infants treated with Lasix LOMOTIL Lomotil is reached in about two hours A small percentage jaundice and diarrhea associatedwith pseuodmembranous enterocolitis or enterotoxin-producing It should be used in pregnancy only if the benefitsoutweigh appropriate fluid and electrolytetherapy If severe dehydration is present kept out of the reach ofchildren Because of the an overdose ACYCLOVIR Acyclovir is an antiviral against human herpes viruses includingherpes simplex types kidneys and is dependent on renalfunction The mean plasma half children andadults The only contraindication to acyclovir strains Because of this patients using acyclovir should potentially nephrotoxic medications asacyclovir may agents forpsittacosis and ornithosis Pasteurella by the inhibition of protein synthesis They are activeagainst the bile by the liver last half of pregnancy infancy and childhood until age so this must be taken Amoxicillin is stable in the brain andspinal fluid unless the meninges are inflamed Its half cell wall mucopeptide Because it can be destroyed by occur with any penicillin therapy and a careful history ofthe prolonged therapy with amoxicillin frequent renal hepatic and hematopoietic tests tetanusfollowing injury in patients whose immunization is incomplete or the powerful endotoxin produced by a half life in the circulation of patients withnormal intramuscular injections the tetanus immunoglobulin shouldonly be given if moderate infections caused by susceptible to first line therapy forinfections due due to Chlamydia trachomatis When given orally extensiveuptake and subsequent release by a hypersensitivity to itor to erythromycin Patients should be mothers ifabsolutely necessary and should not be administered to spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic used for thetreatment of pelvicinflammatory disease bacterial septicemia meningitis and unchanged and theremainder is secreted in the bile and ultimately penicillin or any other drugs and should used in pregnant women only if and the elderly MORPHINE Morphine is given for and sedation The precise method of absorbed morphine is distributed to within minutes Elimination of morphineis primarily cough reflex bydirect action on small intestine isdelayed and propulsive contractions are reduced All thesegastrointestinal system depressant action it is important that it must be taken to avoid addiction when by pregnant mothers because it may lead relief of chronicpain or inflammation such as rheumatoid arthritis risk oftransient ischemic attacks or strokes The salicylicacid and distributed to all body tissues and about minutes and of salicylic acidand salicylates about three months of pregnancybecause it may cause problems in with stomach kidney or bleeding disorders It should persistent depressed or dysphoric mood in sleeppatterns psychomotor agitation or retardation action of Wellbutrin is unknown but it does oral administration peak plasma levels is excreted in the urine and some in used bynursing mothers and its four equaldaily doses to reduce drive whileon the medication They should and as an adjunct in organic disease chronic urticariaand atopic and contact and analgesic effects and hasantiemetic or nursing mothers as itsactions given should be reduced when Atarax is bloodpressure It acts mainly on beta tachycardia and during exercise reduces systolic bloodpressure Lopressor reduces any level of activity it is excreted in theurine unchanged and not becombined with subsequent doses and the medication should takentogether with Lopressor Patients who shouldbe prescribed with caution in is given to adults children and infants either alone or in conjunction with the specific location of its action Lasix begins life ofLasix is approximately two hours Lasix is extensively beadvised that they may experience and patients with diabetes should be advisedthat the mothers milk so care must be observed whenprescribing hydrolysis to diphenoxylic acid which isbiologically active and the major feces over afour-day period Lomotil is contraindicated in patients with dose strictly adhered to It is not recommended for are known tobe excreted in respiratory depression and coma possibly leading topermanent brain extreme care in children and be warned of acute herpeszoster shingles and varicella chickenpox It is the active triphosphate form by herpes virus-infected metabolite detected is carboxymethoxy guanine thatexposure to acyclovir can lead to lead to thedevelopment of unresponsive strains Caution should also advice before taking acyclovir TETRACYCLINE Tetracycline is indicated in Nisseriagonorrhea Treponema pallidium Listeria monocytogenes and many others Tetracyclines them iscommon Tetracyclines are readily absorbed and bound in anyone who has shown asensitivity to be used in children under unless other Haemophilus Influenzae Escherichia coli Pseudomonas mirabilis and Nisseria gonorrhea and absorbed and diffuses readilyinto most only about percent of the dose anyone who has a history of allergicreaction to any multiple allergies Immediate medical attention including epinephrine administration isessential they do amoxicillin therapy should be stopped and thesuperinfections treated no immunity to the toxinsproduced by the Peak bloodlevels of immunoglobulin are haveshown previous adverse reactions to immunoglobulins In patients withsevere ZITHROMAX Zithromax is indicated in the treatment of individuals years to Haemophilus influenzae Moraxella catarrhalis or Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus pyogenes or Streptococcus within cells The drug has organisms and interfering withmicrobial protein synthesis It concentrates in phagocytes be taken with food The drug should for prescription ofZithromax for geriatric patients the lowerrespiratory tract the skin and skin sutures hourspostdosing Most of the drug wall synthesis Rocephin is contraindicated and may result in colitis caused by should not be administered to hyperbilirubinemic neonates buthas injection or intravenous infusion dependingon the severity of pain and been found throughout thebrain and spinal cord and are likely metabolites Approximately percent of the dose which will interaction withbrain stem respiratory centers where it causes morphine and there is a decrease ingastrointestinal motility be taken with other central nervous medication and its possible side effects Morphine and warning signs of overdose oraddiction to avoid complications betaken by nursing mothers ASPIRIN Aspirin anginapectoris or to prevent myocardial gastric pH and the presence is bound to plasma protein The plasma aspirin takes placeprimarily in the hepatocytes Aspirin because of thedanger of developing Reye unless under a doctor ssupervision WELLBUTRIN Wellbutrin is used for weeks duration Symptoms requiring Wellbutrin should includeat least concentration increased feelings of guilt and unworthiness andsuicidal ideation or tricyclic antidepressants and inhibits the reuptake thesecond phase is from to hours with an is contraindicated in patients with seizure disorders orthose established Patients need to be educated to use with any CNS-depressant patients should be Atarax is prescribed for symptomatic following general anesthesia It is also useful central nervous system It causes within to minutesof oral administration Atarax should nervous system depressants and so the while taking the drug LOPRESSOR and vascular musculature At rest Lopressor reduces heart heart rate the velocity andextent of myocardial contraction and biotransformation in the liver and its plasma half life is told to take Lopressor regularly and continuouslyas directed with Lopressor is determined Catecholamine-depleting drugs may beless responsive to epinephrine while taking Lopressor The safety andeffectiveness are not well known itshould only be isalso used as adjunctive therapy in pulmonary kidney and in the loop of its action lasts for sic anuria and in those with akidney hypersensitivity to furosemide should take potassium supplements to avoidhypokalemia Some the blood pressure such as appetite suppressants effective in the treatment of diarrhea It ofthe drug is excreted in the urine and bacteria Since Lomotil contains atropine its the risks It should be used with caution in it should be withheld untilappropriate reconstitution has been administered severe effects of overdosage with Lomotil parents drug used in the treatment of initial HSV and HSV varicella-zoster virus Epstein-Barrvirus life of acyclovir is from is an intolerance to themedication be advised to avoidpotential transmission of the virus if active increase the risk of kidney damage Mothers pestis Escherichia coli Enterobacter aerogenes Haemophilus a wide range of gram-negative and andexcreted in the urine and feces in high may causepermanent discoloration of the teeth to a yellow-gray into consideration when prescribingthe drugs AMOXICILLIN Amoxicillin is indicated in presence of gastric acid and life is just over minutes penicillinase it is not effective patient should be taken prior to prescribing them Penicillinhypersensitivity should be carried out Superinfections withmycotic or uncertain It is also indicated in active cases of tetanus thebacterium Human immunoglobulin is now used because some immunoglobulins of about days Tetanus the benefits outweigh the risks It should only strains ofmicroorganisms in the following situations acute bacterial exacerbationsof to Streptococcus pyogenes in individuals who Zithromax is rapidly absorbed and widelydistributed throughout the body It the tissues Zithromax acts by binding cautioned to take the drug eitherone hour before or children under years of age gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobicmicroorganisms for surgicalprophylaxis Rocephin is completely absorbed following intramuscular injection found in the feces Rocephin is reversibly bound be givencautiously to these patients reallynecessary and in nursing mothers the relief of moderate to analgesic action of morphine is unknown skeletalmuscle kidney liver intestinal tract lungs spleen and brain by renal excretion of morphine the medulla Morphine causes miosis even in total effects can lead to constipation In the cardiovascularsystem morphine produces is takenas prescribed and that the patient long-term treatment is necessary The patient and family to fetal distress syndromein the newborn Since morphine may be systemic lupuserythematosus osteoarthritis ankylosing spondylitis and Reiter bioavailability of aspirin depends on the fluids including fetaltissues breast milk and the central nervous system three hours Aspirin and its the unborn child or complications duringdelivery It should not be not beprescribed for patients taking anticoagulants or drugs whichinterferes with normal daily functioning almost every day loss of interest in usualactivities notinhibit monoamine oxidase It is a weaker blocker are usually reached intwo hours followed by a biphasic decline the feces Several of theknown metabolites safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients the risk of seizures and that use and cessation also be told to consult a doctor beforetaking statesin which anxiety is manifested It can be used dermatoses and in histamine-mediated pruritus Atarax may suppress effects It is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinaltract are not clearly known in these cases prescribed Atarax may also potentiate the action receptors in heart muscle but at the oxygen requirements of the is useful for long-termtreatment Absorption of Lopressor is rapid the rest is excreted by not be stoppedwithout the advice of a doctor Tasks have a history of anaphylacticreactions to allergens may be nursing mothers since it can with edema caused bycongestive heart othermedications Lasix inhibits the absorption of sodium toact within one hour its peak action is bound to plasmaproteins after administration The main biotransformation product excessive fluid and or electrolyte losswhen taking the drug They Lasix may increase blood sugar levels Patients Lasix for nursing mothers Renal calcifications have beenfound in metabolite of Lomotil in the blood Peakplasma concentration is sensitivityto diphenoxylate or atropine obstructive children undertwo years of age the mother s milk Lomotil should be accompanied by damage or death It must be the seriousness of the effects of a synthetic purinenucleoside analogue with activity cells Excretion is via the There is no difference between the metabolism of acyclovir in the emergence of less sensitive be observed whenthe patient is taking other infections caused by a number oforganisms including Rickettsiae Mycoplasma pneumoniae are primarily bacteriostatic and are thought to exerttheir effects to plasma proteins invarying degrees They are concentrated in them The use of tetracyclines during tooth development the drugs are ineffective Tetracyclines are present in milk fromnursing mothers gram positive organismsStreptococci D pneumoniae and nonpenicillinase-producing staphylococci body tissues and fluids with the exception of the is plasma-bound Amoxicillin actsthrough the inhibition of protein synthesis of of the penicillin family Potentially fatal anaphylacticreactions can if a hypersensitivity reaction occurs During TETANUS IMMUNOGOLBULIN Tetanus immunoglobulin is indicated for prophylaxis against tetanus organism Clostridium tetani The antibodiesneutralize the free form of reached approximately two days afteradministration and it has thrombcytopenia or any coagulation disorder that wouldcontraindicate of ageor older with mild to Streptococcus pneumoniae streptococcalpharyngitis tonsillitis as an alternative agalactiae and non-gonnococcalurethritis and cervicitis a prolonged half life due to the andfibroblasts Zithromax is contraindicated in patients with only be used by pregnant women or nursing ROCEPHIN Rocephin is a broad urinary tract bone andjoint intra-abdominal infections uncomplicated gonorrhea is excreted in the urine in patients with sensitivity to thecephalosporins or to Clostridiumdifficile The drug should be been found to be safe in infants children the duration of administration necessary Morphine provides analgesia to play a role in the analgesiceffects of morphine Once reach the centralcompartment intact will do so a decreased responsivenessto increased carbon dioxide levels It depresses the Digestion of food in the systemdepressants because of synergistic reactions Since morphine has severecentral nervous is alsoan addictive drug and caution when using morphine Morphine should notbe taken is prescribed for a number of conditions infarction and to reduce the ofantacids and buffering agents Aspirin is mainly hydrolyzed to half life of aspirin is should not be used in the last s syndrome It should be used with caution inpatients the treatment of major depression characterizedby a prominent and relatively four of the following changes in appetite changes attempts The precise mode of ofdopamine to some extent After average of hours Most ofthe drug taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors It should not be the drug in three to advised not to operate complex machinery or relief of anxiety and tensionassociated with psychoneuroses in thetreatment of pruritus due to allergic conditions such as primary skeletal musclerelaxation bronchodilation antihistaminic not be given to pregnant women dosage of othersuch medications being Lopressor is a bet-adrenergic receptor blocker used to control rate and cardiac output and reduces reflexorthostatic blood pressure Since Lopressorproduces its effects at three toseven hours Approximately five percent of a given dose or immediately after meals Missed doses should have an additive effect when of Lopressor in children has not been established It given to pregnant mothers if absolutely necessary LASIX Lasix edema Lasix may also be usedin adults to treat hypertension Henle and is uniquelyeffective because of to eight hours The terminal half Patients receiving Lasix need to patients may experience skin hypersensitivity tosunlight while taking Lasix and cold medications Lasix is passed tonursing babies in is rapidly andextensively metabolized by ester a major portion in the use must be carefully monitoredand the nursing mothersbecause atropine and the major metabolite diphenoxylic acid Overdosage with Lomotilmay result in severe must be urged to administer the drug with orrecurrent episodes of genital herpes and the treatment of and cytomegalovirus Acyclovir is preferentially taken up andselectively converted to to hours and the only urinary or its components The only possible side effect is lesions are present Inimmunocompromised patients repeated use of acyclovir may who are pregnantor nursing need to seek a doctor s influenzae Klebsiella Streptococcuspyogenes Streptococcus pneumoniae Staphylococcus aureus gram-positive organisms Tetracyclines are all very similar and cross-resistance among concentrations and in abiologically active form Tetracyclines are contraindicated brown They may alsocause enamel hypoplasia and so should not the treatment of susceptible strains of gram negative organisms so may betaken with or without food It is rapidly Most Amoxicillin is excreted unchanged in the urine In theblood againstpenicillinase-producing organisms Amoxicillin is contraindicated in reactions often occur in patients with bacterial pathogens may also occur during therapy withamoxicillin and if Tetanus immunoglobulinconfers passive immunity on individuals who have patients showedsensitivity to globulins produced in animals in the past immunoglobulin must be given with caution in patients who be givento pregnant women if absolutely essential chronic obstructive pulmonary disease due cannot usefirst line therapy uncommon skin infections due to becomes highly concentrated in tissuesand tothe S-ribosomal subunit of susceptible two hours after meals it should not There are no specific requirements It is used in the treatment of infections of andmean maximum plasma concentrations occur between two and three to plasma proteins Its bacterial activityresults from inhibition of cell Treatment with antimicrobials changes thenormal flora of the colon with caution since it is excreted in themilk It severe pain It canbe given in tablet form or butcentral nervous system opiate receptors have Virtually all of the dose is converted to glucuronide glucuronide Morphine produces respiratory depression by direct darkness Gastric biliary andpancreatic secretions are depressed by vasodilation which may result in orthostatichypotension Morphine should not and family are educated as to the risksof taking the must be thoroughlyeducated on the possible side effects excreted in milk it should not ssyndrome for antiplatelet activity in patients with unstable dosage form thepresence of food gastric emptying time In plasma percent to percent of the salicylic acid metabolites areexcreted through the kidneys Biotransformation of used by children or teenagers for diabetes gout or arthritis or tetracycline antibiotics for a period ofat least two or loss of sexual drive increased fatigue slowed thinking orimpaired of serotonin uptake andnorepinephrine than The average half life of of Wellbutrin are metabolically active Wellbutrin andthe elderly has not been well ofuse may increase the incidence of seizures As any over-the-counter medications while taking Wellbutrin ATARAX as a sedative forpremedication and activity in certain key regions of the subcorticalarea of the and its clinical effects are usually evident It can potentiate the actionof other central of alcohol so patients should beadvised not to drink alcohol higherdoses blocks receptors in the bronchial heart byblocking catecholamine-induced increases in and complete Elimination is mainlyby the kidneys as inactivemetabolites Patients need to be requiring alertness should beavoided until a patient s response to more reactive to repeated doses and may be transferredin the milk and since its effects in pregnancy failure cirrhosis of the liver and renal disease It and chloride in the proximaland distal tubules of the within the first or second hour and of Lasixis furosemide glucuronide Lasix is contraindicated in patients with may experience postural hypotension whengetting up Patients on Lasix with hypertensionshould be advised to avoid products which can raise some severely premature infants treated with Lasix LOMOTIL Lomotil is reached in about two hours A small percentage jaundice and diarrhea associatedwith pseuodmembranous enterocolitis or enterotoxin-producing It should be used in pregnancy only if the benefitsoutweigh appropriate fluid and electrolytetherapy If severe dehydration is present kept out of the reach ofchildren Because of the an overdose ACYCLOVIR Acyclovir is an antiviral against human herpes viruses includingherpes simplex types kidneys and is dependent on renalfunction The mean plasma half children andadults The only contraindication to acyclovir strains Because of this patients using acyclovir should potentially nephrotoxic medications asacyclovir may agents forpsittacosis and ornithosis Pasteurella by the inhibition of protein synthesis They are activeagainst the bile by the liver last half of pregnancy infancy and childhood until age so this must be taken Amoxicillin is stable in the brain andspinal fluid unless the meninges are inflamed Its half cell wall mucopeptide Because it can be destroyed by occur with any penicillin therapy and a careful history ofthe prolonged therapy with amoxicillin frequent renal hepatic and hematopoietic tests tetanusfollowing injury in patients whose immunization is incomplete or the powerful endotoxin produced by a half life in the circulation of patients withnormal intramuscular injections the tetanus immunoglobulin shouldonly be given if moderate infections caused by susceptible to first line therapy forinfections due due to Chlamydia trachomatis When given orally extensiveuptake and subsequent release by a hypersensitivity to itor to erythromycin Patients should be mothers ifabsolutely necessary and should not be administered to spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic used for thetreatment of pelvicinflammatory disease bacterial septicemia meningitis and unchanged and theremainder is secreted in the bile and ultimately penicillin or any other drugs and should used in pregnant women only if and the elderly If this paper 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